Volume indicators
Accumulation/Distribution (A/D)
A running total of volume that leans towards buying when candles close near their highs and towards selling when they close near their lows.
La idea en pocas palabras
Where the price closes within its range tells you who won the candle. A/D adds a portion of the volume for closes near the high and subtracts it for closes near the low, building a line that shows whether money is flowing in (accumulation) or out (distribution).
Cómo se calcula
Each candle's position of the close in its range (from −1 at the low to +1 at the high) is multiplied by its volume and added to the running total.
Close location = ((close − low) − (high − close)) ÷ (high − low)
A/D = previous A/D + close location × volumeCómo usarlo
- Rising A/D confirms an uptrend; falling A/D confirms a downtrend.
- Divergence: price rising while A/D falls suggests the rally lacks real buying.
Sacar conclusiones
- The level of the line means nothing; only its direction and its divergences matter.
Ejemplo
A stock trades flat for two weeks but closes near the top of each day's range: A/D climbs steadily, hinting at quiet buying before a breakout.
Los precios de los ejemplos son ilustrativos.
Ten cuidado con
- On currencies, metals and CFDs there is no central exchange volume. The chart uses "tick volume", the number of price changes in each candle, which follows real activity closely but is not the number of contracts traded.
Un poco de historia
Developed by Marc Chaikin.
Solo contenido educativo. Ningún indicador ni patrón predice el futuro, y nada de lo aquí expuesto es asesoramiento de inversión.