Oscillators
ATR: Average True Range
ATR tells you how much the price typically moves in one candle, so you can set sensible stops and position sizes.
Die Idee in einfachen Worten
Some days a market moves a little, some days a lot. ATR is simply the average size of recent candles, counting gaps between candles too, so it shows the market's current "normal" movement.
So wird gerechnet
For each candle take the "true range": the largest of high minus low, high minus the previous close, and the previous close minus low. Average it over 14 candles.
True range = max(high − low, |high − previous close|, |low − previous close|)
ATR = average of true range over N (default 14; a simple average)Anwendung
- Stops: place a stop 1.5–3 ATRs away from entry so normal noise does not hit it.
- Position size: risk the same money on each trade by trading less when ATR is high.
- Targets: a move of several ATRs in one day is unusually large.
Schlüsse ziehen
- Rising ATR: the market is getting more active (often in sell-offs and breakouts). Falling ATR: it is calming down.
- ATR has no direction; it only measures size.
Beispiel
GBPUSD has a daily ATR of 0.0090 (90 pips). A trader buying at 1.2700 places a stop 2 ATRs lower, at 1.2520, so an ordinary day's swing will not knock them out.
Kurse in Beispielen dienen der Veranschaulichung.
Worauf man achten sollte
- ATR is in price units, so you cannot compare ATRs of different markets directly; divide by the price for a percentage.
Ein wenig Geschichte
J. Welles Wilder Jr., 1978, originally for commodity futures, where gaps between sessions were common.
Nur Bildungsinhalte. Kein Indikator und kein Muster sagt die Zukunft voraus, und nichts hier ist eine Anlageberatung.